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Indian Patent Act and Rules

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Chapter I – Preliminary

Section 1 – Short title, extent and commencement
Section 2 – Definitions and interpretation
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Chapter II – Inventions Not Patentable

Section 3 – What are not inventions
Section 4 – Inventions relating to atomic energy not patentable
Section 5 – Inventions where only methods or processes of manufacture patentable
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Chapter III – Applications for Patents

Section 6 – Persons entitled to apply for patents
Section 7 – Form of application
Section 8 – Information and undertaking regarding foreign applications
Section 9 – Provisional and complete specifications
Section 10 – Contents of specifications
Section 11 – Priority dates of claims of a complete specification
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Chapter IV – Publication and Examination of Applications

Section 11A –  Publication of Applications
Section 11B –  Request for examination

Section 12 – Examination of application
Section 13 – Search for anticipation by previous publication and by prior claim
Section 14 – Consideration of the report of examiner by Controller
Section 15 – Power of Controller to refuse or require amended applications, etc., in certain case
Section 16 – Power of Controller to make orders respecting division of application
Section 17 – Power of Controller to make orders respecting dating of application
Section 18 – Powers of Controller in cases of anticipation
Section 19 – Powers of Controller in case of potential infringement
Section 20 – Powers of Controller to make orders regarding substitution of applicants, etc
Section 21 – Time for putting application in order for grant
Section 22 – Acceptance of complete specification
Section 23 – Advertisement of acceptance of complete specification
Section 24 – Effect of acceptance of complete specification
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Chapter IVA – Exclusive Marketing Rights (Omitted)

Section 24A- 24F – Application for grant of exclusive rights.
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Chapter V – Opposition Proceedings to Grant of Patents

Section 25 – Opposition to the patent
Section 26 – In cases of “obtaining” Controller may treat the patent as the patent of opponent
Section 27 – Refusal to patent without opposition
Section 28 – Mention of inventor as such in patent
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Chapter VI – Anticipation

Section 29 – Anticipation by previous publication
Section 30 – Anticipation by previous communication to Government
Section 31 – Anticipation by public display, etc
Section 32 – Anticipation by public working
Section 33 – Anticipation by use and publication after provisional Specification
Section 34 – No anticipation if circumstances are only as described in sections 29, 30, 31 and 32
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Chapter VII – Provisions for Secrecy of Certain Inventions

Section 35 – Secrecy directions relating to inventions relevant for defence purposes
Section 36 – Secrecy directions to be periodically reviewed
Section 37 – Consequences of secrecy directions
Section 38 – Revocation of secrecy directions and extension of time
Section 39 – Residents not to apply for patents outside India without prior permission
Section 40 – Liability for contravention of section 35 or section 39
Section 41 – Finality of orders of Controller and Central Government
Section 42 – Savings respecting disclosure to Government
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Chapter VIII – Grant of Patents and Rights conferred thereby

Section 43 – Grant of patents
Section 44 – Amendment of patent granted to deceased applicant
Section 45 – Date of patent
Section 46 – Form, extent and effect of patent
Section 47 – Grant of patents to be subject to certain conditions
Section 48 – Rights of patentees
Section 49 – Patent rights not infringed when used on foreign vessels etc., temporarily or accidentally in India
Section 50 – Rights of co-owners of patents
Section 51 – Power of Controller to give directions to co-owners
Section 52 – Grant of patent to true and first inventor where it has been obtained by another in fraud of him
Section 53 – Term of patent
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Chapter IX – Patents of Addition

Section 54 – Patents of addition
Section 55 – Term of patents of addition
Section 56 – Validity of patents of addition
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Chapter X – Amendment of Applications and Specification

Section 57 – Amendment of application and specification or any document relating thereto before Controller
Section 58 – Amendment of specification before Appellate Board or High Court
Section 59 – Supplementary provisions as to amendment of application or specification
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Chapter XI – Restoration of Lapsed Patents

Section 60 – Applications for restorations of lapsed patents
Section 61 – Procedure for disposal of applications for restoration of lapsed patents
Section 62 – Rights of patentees of lapsed patents which have been restored

 

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Chapter XII – Surrender and Revocation of Patents

Section 63 – Surrender of patents
Section 64 – Revocation of patents
Section 65 – Revocation of patent or amendment of complete specification on directions from Government in cases relating to atomic energy
Section 66 – Revocation of patent in public interest
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Chapter XIII – Register of Patents

Section 67 – Register of patents and particulars to be entered therein
Section 68 – Assignments, etc., not to be valid unless in writing and duly executed
Section 69 – Registration of assignments, transmissions, etc
Section 70 – Power of registered grantee or proprietor to deal with patent
Section 71 – Rectification of register by Appellate Board
Section 72 – Register to be open for inspection
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Chapter XIV – Patent Office and Its Establishment

Section 73 – Controller and other officers
Section 74 – Patent office and its branches
Section 75 – Restriction on employees of patent office as to right or interest in patents
Section 76 – Officers and employees not to furnish information, etc
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Chapter XV – Powers of Controller Generally

Section 77 – Controller to have certain powers of a civil court
Section 78 – Power of Controller to correct clerical errors etc
Section 79 – Evidence how to be given and powers of Controller in respect thereof
Section 80 – Exercise of discretionary powers by Controller
Section 81 – Disposal by Controller of applications for extension of time
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Chapter XVI – Working of Patents, Compulsory Licences and Revocation

Section 82 – Definition of “patented articles” and “patentee”
Section 83 – General principles applicable to working of patented inventions
Section 84 – Compulsory licences
Section 85 – Revocation of patents by the Controller for non-working
Section 86 – Power of Controller to adjourn applications for compulsory licences, etc., in certain cases
Section 87 – Procedure for dealing with applications under sections 84 and 85
Section 88 – Powers of Controller in granting compulsory licences
Section 89 – General purposes for granting compulsory licences
Section 90 – Terms and conditions of compulsory licences
Section 91 – Licensing of related patents
Section 92 – Special provision for compulsory licences on notifications by Central Government
Section 93 – Order for licence to operate as a deed between parties concerned
Section 94 – Termination of compulsory licence
Section 95-98 – [Omitted by the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2002]
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Chapter XVII – Use of Inventions For Purposes of Government and Acquisition of Inventions by Central Government

Section 99 – Meaning of use of invention for purposes of Government
Section 100 – Power of Central Government to use inventions for purposes of Government
Section 101 – Rights of third parties in respect of use of invention for purposes of Government
Section 102 – Acquisition of inventions and patents by the Central Government
Section 103 – Reference to High Court of disputes as to use for purposes of Government
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Chapter XVIII – Suits Concerning Infringement of Patents

Section 104 –  Jurisdiction
Section 105 – Power of court to make declaration as to non-infringement
Section 106 – Power of court to grant relief in cases of groundless threats of infringement proceedings
Section 107 – Defences, etc., in suits for infringement
Section 108 – Reliefs in suit for infringement
Section 109 – Right of exclusive licensee to take proceedings against infringement
Section 110 – Right of licensee under section 84 to take proceedings against infringement
Section 111 – Restriction on power of court to grant damages or account of profits for infringement
Section 112 – Restriction on power of court to grant injunction in certain cases
Section 113 – Certificate of validity of specification and costs of subsequent suits for infringement thereof
Section 114 – Relief for infringement of partially valid specification
Section 115 – Scientific advisers
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Chapter XIX – Appeals to the Appellate Board

Section 116 – Appellate Board
Section 117 – Staff of Appellate Board

 

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Chapter XX – Penalties to the Appellate Board

Section 118 – Contravention of secrecy provisions relating to certain inventions
Section 119 – Falsification of entries in register, etc
Section 120 – Unauthorised claim of patent rights
Section 121 – Wrongful use of words “patent office”
Section 122 – Refusal or failure to supply information
Section 123 – Practice by non-registered patent agents
Section 124 – Offences by companies

 

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Chapter XXI – Patent Agents

Section 125 – Register of patent agents
Section 126 – Qualifications for registration as patent agents
Section 127 – Rights of patent agents
Section 128 – Subscription and verification of certain documents by patent agents
Section 129 – Restrictions on practice as patent agents
Section 130 – Removal from register of patent agents and restoration
Section 131 – Power of Controller to refuse to deal with certain agents
Section 132 – Savings in respect of other persons authorised to act as agents

 

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Chapter XXII – International Arrangements

Section 133 – Convention countries
Section 134 – Notification as to countries not providing for reciprocity
Section 135 – Convention applications
Section 136 – Special provisions relating to convention application
Section 137 – Multiple priorities
Section 138 – Supplementary provisions as to convention applications
Section 139 – Other provisions of Act to apply to convention applications

 

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Chapter XXIII – Miscellaneous

Section 140 – Avoidance of certain restrictive conditions
Section 141 – Determination of certain contracts
Section 142 – Fees
Section 143 – Restrictions upon publication of specification
Section 144 – Reports of examiners to be confidential
Section 145 – Publication of official journal
Section 146 – Power of Controller to call for information from patentees
Section 147 – Evidence of entries, documents, etc
Section 148 – Declaration by infant, lunatic etc
Section 149 – Service of notices, etc., by post
Section 150 – Security for costs
Section 151 – Transmission of orders of courts to Controller
Section 152 – Transmission of copies of specifications, etc., and inspection thereof
Section 153 – Information relating to patents
Section 154 – Loss or destruction of patents
Section 155 – Reports of Controller to be placed before Parliament
Section 156 – Patent to bind Government
Section 157 – Right of Government to sell or use forfeited articles
Section 158 – Power of High Courts to make rules
Section 159 – Power of Central Government to make rules
Section 160 – Rules to be placed before Parliament
Section 161 – Special provisions with respect to certain applications deemed to have been refused under Act 2 of 1911
Section 162 – Repeal of Act 2 of 1911 in so far as it relates to patents and savings
Section 163 – Amendment of Act 43 of 1958

THE PATENTS RULES, 2003 (Updated till 2016 amendment)

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Chapter I – Preliminary

Rule 1 – Short title and commencement
Rule 2 – Definitions
Rule 3 – Prescribed particulars
Rule 4 – Appropriate office
Rule 5 – Address for service
Rule 6 – Leaving and serving documents
Rule 7 – Fees
Rule 8 – Forms
Rule 9 – Size, etc., of documents
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Chapter II – Application for Patents

Rule 10 – Period within which proof of the right under section 7(2) to make the application shall be furnished
Rule 11 – Order of recording applications
Rule 12 – Statement and undertaking regarding foreign applications
Rule 13 – Specifications
Rule 14 – Amendments to specifications
Rule 15 – Drawings
Rule 16 – Models
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Chapter III – International Applications under Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)

Rule 17 – Definitions
Rule 18 – Appropriate office in relation to international applications
Rule 19 – International applications filed with appropriate office as receiving office
Rule 20 – International applications designating or designating and electing India
Rule 21 – Filing of priority document
Rule 22 – Effect of non-compliance with certain requirements
Rule 23 – The requirements under this Chapter to be supplemental of the regulations, etc., under the Treaty

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Chapter IV – Publication and Examination of Applications

Rule 24 – Publication of application
Rule 24-A – Request for publication
Rule 24-B – Examination of application
Rule 24-C – Expedited examination of applications
Rule 25 – Identification of published applications
Rule 26 – Request for withdrawal
Rule 27 – Inspection and supply of published documents
Rule 28 – Procedure in case of anticipation by prior publication
Rule 29 – Procedure in case of anticipation by prior claiming
Rule 30 – Amendment of the complete specification in case of anticipation
Rule 31 – Form of reference to another specification
Rule 32 – Procedure in case of potential infringement
Rule 33 – Form of reference to another patent
Rule 34 – Manner in which a claim under section 20(1) shall be made
Rule 35 – Manner in which a request may be made under section 20(4)
Rule 36 – Manner of application under section 20(5)
Rule 37 – Numbering of applications on the grant of patent
Rule 38 – [Omitted by Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2005]
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Chapter V – Exclusive Marketing Rights (Omitted)

Rule 39-54 – [Omitted by Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2005]
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Chapter VI – Opposition Proceedings to Grant of Patents

Rule 55 – Opposition to the patent
Rule 56 – Constitution of Opposition Board and its proceeding
Rule 57 – Filing of written statement of opposition and evidence
Rule 58 – Filing of reply statement and evidence
Rule 59 – Filing of reply evidence by opponent
Rule 60 – Further evidence to be left with the leave of the Controller
Rule 61 – Copies of documents to be supplied
Rule 62 – Hearing
Rule 63 – Determination of costs
Rule 64 & 65 – [Omitted by Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2005]
Rule 66 – Form of making a request under section 28(2)
Rule 67 – Form of making a claim under section 28(3)
Rule 68 – Form of application to be made under section 28(7)
Rule 69 – Procedure for the hearing of claim or an application under section 28
Rule 70 – Mention of inventor

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Chapter VII – Secrecy Directions

Rule 71 – Permission for making patent application outside India under section 39
Rule 72 – Communication of result of reconsideration under section 36(2)
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Chapter VIII – Grant of Patents

Rule 73 – [Omitted by Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2005]
Rule 74 – Form of patent
Rule 75 – Amendment of patent under section 44
Rule 76 – Manner of applying for direction under section 51(1)
Rule 77 – Manner of application under section 51(2)
Rule 78 – Procedure for the hearing of proceedings under section 51
Rule 79 – Request under section 52(2)
Rule 80 – Renewal fees under section 53
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Chapter IX – Amendment of Application, Specification or any Document Relating Thereto

Rule 81 – Amendment of application, specification or any document relating thereto
Rule 82 – Preparation of amended specifications, etc
Rule 83 – Publication of the amendment allowed
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Chapter X – Restoration of Patents

Rule 84 – Restoration of patents
Rule 85 – Opposition to restoration under section 61
Rule 86 – Payment of unpaid renewal fees
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Chapter XI Surrender of Patents

Rule 87 – Surrender of Patents

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Chapter XII Register of Patents

Rule 88 – Register of patents under section 67
Rule 89 – [Omitted by Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2005]
Rule 90 – Registration of title and interest in patents
Rule 91 – Presentation of assignment, etc., of patent to Controller
Rule 92 – Registration of title or interest in a patent
Rule 93 – Entry of renewal fee
Rule 94 – Alteration of address
Rule 95 – Inspection of register of patents under section 72 and fees payable therefor
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Chapter XIII Compulsory Licence and Revocation of Patent

Rule 96 – Application for compulsory licence etc
Rule 97 – When a prima facie case is not made out
Rule 98 – Notice of opposition under section 87(2)
Rule 99 – Manner of publication of the revocation order
Rule 100 – Application under section 88(4)
Rule 101 – Procedure to be followed in case of applications under section 88(4)
Rule 102 – Application for termination of compulsory licence under section 94
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Chapter XIV Scientific Advisers

Rule 103 – Roll of scientific advisers
Rule 104 – Manner of application for inclusion in the roll of scientific advisers
Rule 105 – Inclusion of the name of any other person in the roll of scientific advisers
Rule 106 – Power to relax
Rule 107 – Removal of names from the roll of scientific advisers
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Chapter XV Patent Agents

Rule 108 – Particulars to be contained in the register of patent agents
Rule 109 – Application for registration of patent agents
Rule 110 – Particulars of the qualifying examination for patent agents
Rule 111 – Registration of patent agents
Rule 112 – Details to be included in an application for the registration of a patent agent
Rule 113 – Registration of patent agents under section 126 (2)
Rule 114 – Disqualifications for registration as a patent agent
Rule 115 – Payment of fees
Rule 116 – Removal of a name from the register of patent agents
Rule 117 – Restoration of name of persons removed from the register of patent agents
Rule 118 – Alteration of names, etc., in the register of patent agents
Rule 119 – Refusal to recognise as patent agent
Rule 120 – Publication of the names of patent agents, registered under the Act
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Chapter XVI Miscellaneous

Rule 121 – Period within which copies of specification etc. are to be filed
Rule 122 – Correction of clerical errors
Rule 123 – Manner of advertisement of the proposed correction of any error
Rule 124 – Manner and time of opposition to the making of corrections
Rule 125 – Notification of corrections
Rule 126 – Form, etc., of affidavits
Rule 127 – Exhibits
Rule 128 – Directions not otherwise prescribed
Rule 129 – Exercise of discretionary power by the Controller
Rule 130 – Application for review of decisions or setting aside of orders of the Controller
Rule 131 – Form and manner in which statements required under section 146(2) to be furnished
Rule 132 – Form of application for the issue of a duplicate patent
Rule 133 – Supply of certified copies and certificates under sections 72 and 147
Rule 134 – Request for information under section 153
Rule 135 – Agency
Rule 136 – Scale of costs
Rule 137 – Powers of Controller generally
Rule 138 – Power to extend time prescribed
Rule 139 – Hearing before the Controller to be in public in certain cases
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